| Deductive and Inductive Patterns for Developing an Argumentative Essay | ||
Example of an Inductive Essay |
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Is cloning a technology which brings us benefits? |
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PGH 1 Since Dolly, the cloned sheep, was born in 1997, cloning has become a controversial issue. People are concerned not only about cloned animals, but about human cloning, because it involves many ethical problems. The latest scientific discoveries indicate that cloning can bring humans many benefits. But it can also create problems. So, we should carefully consider the question whether cloning, especially human cloning, should be encouraged or not. |
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PGH 2 It has been claimed that cloning can save patients’ lives. There are many patients waiting for years for organ transplants to save their lives. However, many of them die before they can have the operations. If cloning were successful, these patients could get organs to save their lives. When humans are cloned for curing others who take their organs, are those cloned humans really “human”? A human being is not just a living organism. Even animals have feelings. How can we treat the human clones as sacrificial lambs to save others’ lives? Don’t they have the right to live? The idea of cloning humans to save people who need transplants is just preposterous |
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PGH 3 Success is often built on failure. Before Dolly, the cloned sheep, was born, there were hundreds of experiments that were unsuccessful. Many of the cloned embryos died due to failed attempts and deformities. Although the cloning of Dolly was finally successful, this sheep also has many health problems and it has aged faster than normal. The question is whether we should treat animals like that, let alone humans. If human cloning experiments were to happen, who should take responsibility for the deformed “humans” and less successful cloned products? Should we kill them, as if they were animals? The safety and reliability of cloning may be improved by continuing cloning experiments, but I think no one wants to see some horrible creatures born without a mouth or who looks like an alien as a result of these experiments. |
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PGH 4 Another problem caused by human cloning would be an identity crisis as people would no longer be able to identify themselves clearly when they are cloned. The cloned copy may share the same DNA with the parent, but there would not be the normal parent-child relationship at all |
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PGH 5 Considering the benefits and risks of cloning, we can see that cloning may cause many unexpected and serious problems. In addition, human cloning is not ethical at all since humans should not be treated as animals to be used in experiments and also humans should not be cloned to provide organs. It is irresponsible to encourage cloning without any concern for the problems it may cause. International guidelines should be established before cloning experiments get out of control. |
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Questions on Patterns of Inductive Essay Development |
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1. Where is the thesis statement? |
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An inductive essay only gives the thesis statement in the conclusion, which can be found at the end of the essay. In this example, the writer poses the question to be examined at the beginning of the essay.
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2. What do the subsequent paragraphs do after the introduction? |
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The paragraphs in the body of the essay answer in detail the question posed at the beginning. The paragraphs thus elaborate on the issues, preparing for the drawing of the conclusion at the end of the essay.
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3. How does the essay end? |
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The conclusion contains a clear statement of the writer’s position, which is a logical conclusion based on the examination of all the issues and the evidence involved
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4. What pattern of development can you find in the above example? |
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Inductive pattern: The writer poses a question to be examined at the beginning, proceeds to answer the question and finally draws a conclusion based on the evidence discussed so far. The conclusion presented at the end is the Writer’s Position
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